Search Any Ingredient

Clinical Summary

1,4-Dioxane is a chemical byproduct that can be found in trace amounts in cosmetic products which utilize ethoxylating processes. It is classified as 'possibly carcinogenic to humans' by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and has demonstrated organ toxicity in animal studies. Exposure to high levels can cause skin and eye irritation, with regulations and guidelines suggesting minimization of its presence in consumer products.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Aluminum chlorohydrate is commonly used in antiperspirants and deodorants to reduce sweat by temporarily blocking sweat ducts. While generally considered safe for topical use, some studies suggest a potential link to skin irritation and allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Concerns about neurotoxicity arise primarily from aluminum exposure in general, though the direct link from cosmetics remains unclear and controversial.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Apples are generally considered safe and are commonly used in cosmetic products for their antioxidant properties due to the presence of vitamins like vitamin C and compounds such as polyphenols. They help in moisturizing and protecting the skin from oxidative stress without any known significant health risks. There has been no evidence to suggest any adverse effects from typical use levels of apple-derived ingredients in cosmetics.

Clinical Summary

Aqua, commonly known as water, is used as a solvent and carrier in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products. It is considered to be safe and does not pose harm when used topically. Water is essential for helping emulsify and stabilize formulations in skincare and makeup products.

Clinical Summary

Artificial flavors are synthetic substances designed to mimic natural flavors. While generally recognized as safe for consumption, some individuals may experience allergic or hypersensitivity reactions to certain artificial flavors. These reactions can vary widely based on the specific chemical compounds used and individual sensitivities.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Artificial flavors are synthesized compounds designed to mimic natural flavors. While typically used in small amounts, some people may experience allergic reactions or gastrointestinal discomfort. Emerging research suggests that certain artificial flavoring agents might have potential endocrine-disrupting effects, but more studies are needed to establish strong causal relationships.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Australian grass fed bovine gelatin is considered safe for use in cosmetics and food products. It is primarily used for its emulsifying and gelling properties. While generally well-tolerated, some individuals might experience mild digestive discomfort or allergic reactions, though these occurrences are rare.

Clinical Summary

Bacterial cultures in cosmetics, such as probiotics, are generally considered safe and may offer beneficial effects by promoting healthy skin flora. They are used to enhance the microbiome balance and improve skin conditions. No significant health risks are associated with their topical use in regulated amounts.

Clinical Summary

Beeswax is considered a safe and natural ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It functions as an emulsifier, emollient, and thickening agent without significant health risks associated with topical use. There is no substantial evidence of adverse effects when used in its typical concentrations in cosmetics.

Clinical Summary

Behentrimonium Methosulfate is a quaternary ammonium salt used in cosmetics and personal care products primarily as a conditioning agent. It is considered safe for use in cosmetics and has been recognized for its mild properties, making it suitable for sensitive skin. It does not accumulate in the environment or the body, as it is biodegradable.

Clinical Summary

Benzoic Acid is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics and food products. It is generally considered safe at low concentrations, but higher concentrations can cause skin irritation or contact dermatitis, particularly in sensitive individuals. Regulatory agencies have set maximum allowable concentrations to minimize potential health risks.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Blackberry puree, derived from the fruit of the blackberry plant, is primarily used in cosmetics for its antioxidant and moisturizing properties. It is considered safe and is generally well-tolerated with no notable health risks when used topically. Blackberries are rich in vitamins and have been shown to support skin health.

Clinical Summary

Blue spirulina, derived from the blue-green algae Spirulina, is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and as a dietary supplement. It is rich in proteins, vitamins, and antioxidants, making it beneficial for skin health. There are no significant health risks associated with its cosmetic use, and adverse reactions are rare.

Clinical Summary

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) extracts are commonly used in cosmetics for their antioxidant properties. They are considered safe with no known significant health risks. Blueberry extract can help protect the skin from free radicals and aid in maintaining skin health due to its high content of vitamins and polyphenols.

Clinical Summary

Blueberry puree is considered safe for use in cosmetic and food products. It contains antioxidants and vitamins that can be beneficial for skin health. There are no known health risks associated with its use in cosmetic formulations.

Clinical Summary

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical commonly used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It has been shown to mimic estrogen, potentially disrupting hormone levels, leading to developmental and reproductive problems. Some studies also suggest a link to cancer, though the exact nature and extent of this risk continue to be explored. It's often recommended to limit exposure, especially in food-related uses.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Carrageenan is a common food additive derived from red seaweed that is used for its gelling, thickening, and stabilizing properties. While generally recognized as safe for consumption, some studies suggest that it may trigger an inflammatory response or gastrointestinal issues in susceptible individuals. Current evidence remains inconclusive, and more research is needed to fully understand its long-term health effects.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Cetearyl Alcohol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products. It functions as an emollient, thickener, and emulsifier in formulations. There are no significant safety concerns associated with its use, and it is well-tolerated by most skin types, with only rare instances of allergic reactions reported.

Clinical Summary

Cetrimonium Chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt used as a conditioning and antistatic agent in various personal care products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations compliant with regulatory guidelines, although it can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Long-term exposure risks are minimal under normal usage conditions.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract, commonly known as chamomile, is widely used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. It is generally considered safe for use on the skin, with a low potential for irritation or allergic reactions. Historical and clinical data support its use in promoting skin healing and providing antioxidant benefits.

Clinical Summary

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is widely considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from the chamomile plant and is known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful in products designed for sensitive skin. There is a low potential for allergic reactions, which are generally mild, such as skin irritation or contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals.

Clinical Summary

Citric acid is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products primarily as a preservative and pH adjuster. It is generally considered safe for use in topical formulations, but may cause mild skin or eye irritation in sensitive individuals. Overall, it poses a low risk to human health when used at appropriate concentrations.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare for its purported antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, there are concerns about potential skin irritation and allergic reactions, especially in sensitive individuals. Some commercial extracts may contain synthetic preservatives like benzethonium chloride, raising further safety concerns.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Color additives in cosmetics can cause allergic reactions and skin irritation in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin. These additives are regulated for safety, but there may be variability in formulation and the presence of impurities. It's crucial for consumers to patch test products containing color additives, especially if they have a history of sensitivities.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Dehydroacetic acid is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi. It is considered generally safe for use in cosmetics, although there is a potential for mild skin irritation, particularly in individuals with sensitive skin. Regulatory agencies such as the European Commission have deemed it safe for use in concentrations up to 0.6% in cosmetics.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Dimethicone is a type of silicone used in cosmetics and personal care products for its moisturizing and skin-protecting properties. It forms a barrier on the skin's surface, helping to retain moisture while also providing a silky feel. Clinical studies have shown dimethicone to be non-irritating and safe for skin, with little to no associated health risks even with prolonged use.

Clinical Summary

Disodium Cocoamphodipropionate is a mild surfactant commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos and body washes. It is generally considered safe due to its low irritation potential, making it suitable for sensitive skin and baby products. No significant health risks have been associated with its use in cosmetic formulations.

Clinical Summary

Disodium EDTA is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products as a chelating agent to improve product stability. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics at low concentrations, although it may cause minor skin irritation in sensitive individuals. Environmental concerns have been raised due to its persistence and potential to bind with heavy metals in waterways.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Soy lecithin is commonly used as an emulsifier in cosmetics. It is generally recognized as safe for use in both food and cosmetic products. There are no significant health risks associated with its use in cosmetics, although individuals with soy allergies should be cautious.

Clinical Summary

Eucalyptus oil is commonly used for its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in aromatherapy and as a topical application in diluted forms. However, it can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, and ingestion or improper use may lead to respiratory issues. It is important to use eucalyptus oil as directed and conduct a patch test prior to widespread use.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Fat-Reduced Cocoa Powder is considered safe for use in cosmetics. It is typically used for its antioxidant properties and as a coloring agent. There are no significant health risks associated with its use in topical applications as it is derived from natural cocoa sources with reduced fat content.

Clinical Summary

Flavor ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products are generally considered safe for topical use. However, they can sometimes cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Regulatory agencies, like the FDA, review flavor ingredients for safety when used within specified limits.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Vanillin is commonly used as a flavoring agent and is generally regarded as safe when used within recommended limits. There is no significant evidence of adverse health effects when used in cosmetic and food products. However, as with any compound, excessive use or individual sensitivities could potentially lead to irritation or allergic reactions.

Clinical Summary

Formaldehyde is a potent irritant and has been classified as a carcinogen by several health agencies, including the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). It can cause adverse effects such as respiratory irritation, dermatitis, and has links to cancer with long-term exposure. Due to these risks, its use in cosmetics is highly regulated and restricted in many regions.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Fragrance in cosmetics can cause allergic reactions or skin sensitivities in some individuals, especially those with fragrance allergies or eczema. Some components of synthetic fragrances have been flagged as potential endocrine disruptors, although evidence varies for different compounds. Fragrances may also exacerbate asthma symptoms or other respiratory concerns.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Garlic is generally safe for topical use in cosmetics and has been used historically for its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Some individuals may experience mild skin irritation or allergic response, especially with concentrated extracts. Its use in cosmetics is largely considered safe, with minimal risks of adverse effects.

Clinical Summary

Gelatin is a protein derived from collagen, commonly used in cosmetics for its film-forming and moisturizing properties. It is generally considered safe for topical use, with a low risk of skin irritation or sensitization. However, individuals with allergies to animal-derived products should exercise caution. Current evidence does not indicate significant health risks associated with gelatin in cosmetic applications.

Clinical Summary

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and is often included for its fragrance, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. There are few known risks associated with its topical application, but it may cause mild irritation in individuals with very sensitive skin. Overall, ginger is regarded as a low-risk ingredient in cosmetic formulations.

Clinical Summary

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is considered safe and effective for use in cosmetic formulations. It functions as a humectant, drawing moisture to the skin and helping to maintain hydration. Studies have shown that glycerin is non-toxic, non-irritating, and generally well-tolerated when used in concentrations common in cosmetic products.

Clinical Summary

Glycine Soja Oil, also known as soybean oil, is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products due to its moisturizing properties. It is generally regarded as safe for most people, though it can trigger allergic reactions in those with soybean allergies. The oil is rich in antioxidants and Omega-3 fatty acids, which contribute to its skin-nourishing benefits.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Guar gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from guar beans. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and an emulsifier. Clinical studies indicate that guar gum is generally safe for topical use with minimal risk of irritation or allergic reactions observed.

Clinical Summary

Hazelnuts are generally safe when used in cosmetics, offering emollient properties beneficial for skin health. However, they can cause allergic reactions in individuals with nut allergies, leading to potential skin irritation or more severe allergic symptoms. Testing or caution is recommended for individuals with known nut allergies.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil is a non-irritating and non-sensitizing ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is rich in linoleic acid and vitamin E, making it beneficial for moisturization and skin barrier support. Current research indicates that it is safe for use on the skin, with no known significant adverse effects.

Clinical Summary

Hydrolyzed wheat protein is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products, providing benefits such as improving hair and skin conditioning. However, there is a potential risk for allergic reactions in individuals with celiac disease or wheat allergies, though the risk is considered low due to the hydrolyzed state reducing the presence of allergenic proteins. It is important for sensitive individuals to test products before use.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Hydroquinone is commonly used for skin lightening in cosmetic formulations. It is effective in treating hyperpigmentation but has been associated with adverse effects such as skin irritation and ochronosis, a condition characterized by blue-black pigmentation. There is also concern about its potential carcinogenic effects, leading to its regulation or ban in several countries.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) commonly used in skincare products for its exfoliating properties. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products, though it can cause skin irritation in some individuals, especially at higher concentrations. Lactic acid is also used due to its ability to improve skin texture and moisture levels.

Clinical Summary

Lead acetate is a toxic compound known to cause severe health issues including neurotoxicity, reproductive harm, and organ toxicity upon exposure. Its use in cosmetics is highly regulated or banned in many regions due to its potential to cause significant harm. There is strong evidence from animal and human studies linking lead acetate to adverse health effects, necessitating caution and avoidance in personal care products.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Mandarin and Grape Natural Parfum, typically derived from natural essential oils, is generally considered safe when used in cosmetic products. These natural fragrances are primarily composed of volatile compounds that impart scent and are not known to pose significant health risks in cosmetic applications. As with any fragrance ingredient, individuals with very sensitive skin may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions, but such cases are uncommon.

Clinical Summary

Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil is commonly used for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. While generally considered safe for topical use, undiluted tea tree oil can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in some individuals. It should be used with caution, particularly in those with sensitive skin or allergies.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Mercury compounds are highly toxic and pose significant health risks. Exposure can lead to neurological and renal impairments, and has been associated with harmful skin effects and allergic reactions. Due to these risks, use of mercury compounds in cosmetics is heavily restricted or banned in many regions.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Milk protein concentrate is recognized as a generally safe ingredient commonly used in cosmetic products for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It is derived from milk and is composed of both casein and whey proteins. There are no significant health risks associated with its use in cosmetics, although individuals with milk allergies should avoid it to prevent allergic reactions.

Clinical Summary

Modified corn starch is a common food ingredient used as a thickener, stabilizer, or emulsifier. It is widely considered safe for consumption by regulatory agencies when used within established guidelines, as it is derived from natural sources and modified through physical or chemical processes to enhance its properties. There are no significant health risks associated with its use at typical levels of consumption.

Clinical Summary

Monk fruit juice concentrate is generally regarded as safe for most people and is commonly used as a natural sweetener in food and cosmetics. It is derived from the fruit of the Siraitia grosvenorii plant and has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. Current evidence suggests that it does not pose any health risks; however, individuals with allergies to monk fruit should avoid its use.

Clinical Summary

Native Emu Apple Extract, derived from the fruit of the Emu Apple tree, is primarily used for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from free radical damage. There is limited research indicating significant adverse effects, making it generally safe for topical use in cosmetic formulations. However, like all botanical extracts, it is recommended to perform a patch test to rule out any potential allergies.

Clinical Summary

Natural and artificial flavors are used to enhance or simulate specific tastes in food and cosmetics. While generally considered safe, some individuals may experience allergic reactions or mild gastrointestinal discomfort. The specific health risks can vary depending on the chemical composition of the flavors used.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Natural and artificial flavors are used in cosmetics to impart or mask scents. While generally recognized as safe, some individuals may experience allergic reactions or digestive issues, especially when fragrances are used in products applied to sensitive areas. Regulatory bodies such as the FDA typically oversee their use to ensure safety in consumer products.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Natural flavors are used in food and cosmetics to enhance taste and aroma. They are generally considered safe but can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. The term 'natural flavor' is vague, as it encompasses a wide array of substances whose full compositions are not always disclosed, leading to potential unknown risks for some users.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Natural flavors are generally considered safe for consumption, as they originate from plant or animal sources. However, they may contain a complex mixture of ingredients, and some individuals might experience allergic reactions or sensitivities. They are regulated by authorities but specific compositions are often proprietary and undisclosed, posing a challenge to those with food allergies or dietary restrictions.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Natural flavors are generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but they can occasionally cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. These flavors are derived from natural sources such as fruits and plants and do not typically pose significant health risks. However, individual sensitivities and allergic responses can vary based on the specific natural compounds used.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Natural plant-based flavors are generally considered safe for consumption and use in cosmetic and personal care products. These flavors are derived from natural sources and are subject to regulatory standards that ensure they are free from harmful substances. However, individual sensitivities or allergies can occur, so it's essential to conduct patch tests for personal use if you're prone to skin reactions.

Clinical Summary

Thaumatin is a natural sweetener and flavor modifier derived from the katemfe fruit, which is generally regarded as safe when used in food products within approved limits. It has been extensively evaluated and is primarily used due to its intense sweetness and minimal caloric content. There are no significant health risks associated with its consumption at standard usage levels, and it is considered safe for use in both foods and cosmetics.

Clinical Summary

Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil is widely considered safe and beneficial for use in cosmetic products. It is known for its moisturizing and antioxidant properties, being rich in vitamins E and K. There are no significant health risks associated with its use when applied topically, and it is a common ingredient in skincare and hair care products.

Clinical Summary

Oleth-20 is a polyethylene glycol ether of oleyl alcohol used as an emulsifying agent in cosmetics. It may cause skin irritation in some individuals, and there is a potential risk of contamination with ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane, which are considered carcinogens. However, these impurities are typically present at very low levels and are regulated in cosmetic formulations.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Onion is generally considered safe for topical use and is utilized in various cosmetic formulations for its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. There are no known significant risks associated with onion in cosmetic products when used appropriately. It may cause irritation in individuals with specific sensitivities, but such cases are rare.

Clinical Summary

Organic black carrot juice concentrate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products. It is primarily composed of natural pigments, such as anthocyanins, which can contribute to antioxidant benefits for the skin. There are no known health risks associated with its use in typical cosmetic applications.

Clinical Summary

Organic cane sugar is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic formulations. It acts as a natural exfoliant and humectant, helping to retain moisture on the skin. Unlike artificial sweeteners or certain chemical exfoliants, it poses minimal health risks when used in topical applications.

Clinical Summary

Organic sunflower oil is considered safe for use in cosmetics and skincare products. It is known for its emollient properties, helping to moisturize and improve the skin's barrier function. There are no significant health risks associated with its topical use, and it is generally well-tolerated by all skin types.

Clinical Summary

Organic tapioca dextrin is considered safe for use in cosmetics and food products. It functions primarily as a film-former, binding agent, or viscosity enhancer. There is no evidence of significant health risks associated with its use in topical applications, and it is generally recognized as safe by food and health regulatory authorities.

Clinical Summary

Organic tapioca syrup is considered safe for use in cosmetic products and poses no known significant health risks. It is primarily used as a natural sweetener or to provide moisture and texture in formulations. Its safety profile is well-supported by the lack of adverse reports or toxicological concerns.

Clinical Summary

Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a safe and commonly used ingredient in various cosmetic and personal care products. It is used for its moisturizing, soothing, and anti-irritant properties, making it beneficial for skin and hair care formulations. There are no significant health risks associated with its use, and it is generally considered non-toxic and suitable for all skin types.

Clinical Summary

Parabens are widely used as preservatives in cosmetics and personal care products. Recent studies indicate that parabens can mimic estrogen in the body, potentially interfering with hormone function and raising concerns about endocrine disruption. Although typically used in low concentrations, the cumulative exposure from multiple products has contributed to debates regarding their safety.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Pectin is a natural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fruits and is commonly used as a gelling agent in cosmetics and food products. It is generally recognized as safe and has a low potential for causing allergic reactions or irritation in most individuals. Extensive studies have confirmed its safety as an additive and cosmetic ingredient, posing negligible health risks when used appropriately.

Clinical Summary

Peppermint is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its fragrance and cooling sensation. While it is generally considered safe, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions, particularly when used in high concentrations. Patch testing is recommended for those with sensitive skin.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Phenoxyethanol is a common preservative used in cosmetics to prevent microbial growth. While generally considered safe in concentrations up to 1% in products, it can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. Regulatory agencies, including the European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, deem it safe at low concentrations in consumer products.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to make plastics more flexible and harder to break, often found in consumer products including cosmetics. Exposure to certain phthalates has been linked to endocrine disruption, which can lead to reproductive and developmental issues, particularly in males. Regulatory bodies have restricted the use of some phthalates in personal care products due to these potential health risks.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Potassium sorbate is a widely used preservative and is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products. It is effective in preventing the growth of mold and yeast. While it can cause mild skin irritation or allergies in susceptible individuals, such occurrences are relatively rare.

Clinical Summary

Premium fruits are generally considered safe for use in cosmetics. They often contain beneficial vitamins and antioxidants that can enhance skin health. No significant adverse effects have been associated with their use in topical applications.

Clinical Summary

Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Extract is considered safe for use in cosmetic products. It is commonly used for its antioxidant and moisturizing properties. There are no known health risks associated with its use in topical applications.

Clinical Summary

Raspberry puree is considered safe for use in cosmetic formulations. It is primarily used for its antioxidant and skin-conditioning properties, derived from its high content of vitamins and polyphenolic compounds. There are no known health risks associated with the topical application of raspberry puree, making it a safe ingredient for consumers.

Clinical Summary

Rosemary extract and its oil are commonly used in cosmetics for their antioxidant and fragrance properties. While generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. Its antimicrobial properties also make it beneficial in personal care products.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Sea salt is widely used in cosmetic formulations as an exfoliant and therapeutic agent due to its natural mineral content. There are no significant health risks associated with its use in cosmetics when applied topically. Its safety profile is well established, and it is generally recognized as safe in a variety of formulations.

Clinical Summary

Silica is commonly used in cosmetics as an anti-caking agent and absorbent. It is generally considered safe for topical use, with no significant health risks when used in product formulations designed for external application. Inhalation of crystalline silica, however, is known to be hazardous, but this form is typically not used in cosmetic products.

Clinical Summary

Skim milk powder is a dehydrated form of non-fat milk, commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its soothing and moisturizing properties. It is generally considered safe for topical use, with low potential for skin irritation or adverse reactions. As it is derived from milk, individuals with severe dairy allergies should exercise caution.

Clinical Summary

Sodium citrate is commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products as a buffering agent, helping to maintain pH levels. It is considered safe for use in cosmetics, and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has assessed it as safe in the present practices of use and concentration. There are no significant health risks associated with its typical usage in cosmetic formulations.

Clinical Summary

Sorbitan Sesquicaprylate is an ester formed by the reaction of sorbitan (a sugar alcohol) and caprylic acid. It is commonly used as an emulsifier in cosmetic formulations. The safety of sorbitan esters, including Sorbitan Sesquicaprylate, has been reviewed, and they are generally considered safe for use in cosmetics at typical concentrations.

Clinical Summary

Spices, when used in cosmetic formulations, are generally considered safe and are often incorporated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. While some individuals may experience skin sensitivities or allergies, these cases are rare and typically mild. Overall, spices are regarded as beneficial and pose minimal health risks when used appropriately in cosmetic products.

Clinical Summary

Spirulina is a type of blue-green algae that is used in cosmetics for its antioxidant and nourishing properties. It is generally considered safe for topical use with no significant health risks associated. Studies indicate that it may help improve skin tone and elasticity by providing essential nutrients and antioxidants.

Clinical Summary

Steareth-2 is a polyethylene glycol ether of stearic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emulsifier or surfactant. While generally considered safe, steareth-2 can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, especially if present in high concentrations. The risk of contamination with 1,4-dioxane, a potential carcinogen, exists if not properly purified during manufacturing.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Steareth-20 is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) ether derived from stearyl alcohol and is predominantly used as an emulsifier in cosmetics. While generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it might cause mild skin or eye irritation in sensitive individuals. There is also concern regarding the potential presence of impurities or by-products like ethylene oxide, which require careful manufacturing practices to ensure safety.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Strawberry puree is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products. It is rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and natural acids that can provide hydration and a mild exfoliating effect. There are no known significant health risks associated with its use in the concentrations typically found in cosmetic formulations.

Clinical Summary

Sucralose is a non-caloric artificial sweetener commonly used in food and cosmetic products. Current research suggests that sucralose is generally safe for consumption and topical use, with no significant health risks identified at typical exposure levels. However, some studies point out that very high intakes might affect gut bacteria, though these findings are not conclusive for typical usage scenarios.

Clinical Summary

Sugar, commonly used as a natural exfoliant in cosmetic formulations, is considered safe for topical use. It is effective in removing dead skin cells without causing irritation for most skin types. There are no known health risks associated with its external application in cosmetic products.

Clinical Summary

Sugars, such as sucrose and glucose, are commonly used in cosmetics as humectants and exfoliants. They are considered safe for topical use and generally do not pose significant health risks. Sugars help in retaining moisture in the skin and can gently remove dead skin cells when used in scrubs.

Clinical Summary

Tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate is a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in cosmetic products to prevent degradation of ingredients. It is considered low risk and generally recognized as safe for use in cosmetics at low concentrations. There is limited evidence of any significant adverse health effects when used as intended in skin care formulations.

Clinical Summary

Tomato paste is considered safe for use in cosmetic products. It is commonly used for its skin conditioning and antioxidant properties, primarily due to the presence of lycopene and other vitamins. There are no known health risks associated with topical use of tomato paste in cosmetics.

Clinical Summary

Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent that has been associated with various health concerns. Studies suggest triclosan can disrupt endocrine function and contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It may also cause skin irritation in some individuals. Due to these potential risks, its use in consumer products has been restricted or banned in several countries.

Health Risks

Clinical Summary

Turmeric is widely considered safe for topical use in cosmetic formulations, with numerous studies supporting its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is commonly used for its skin-soothing benefits and its potential to improve skin radiance. There have been very few reports of allergic reactions, making it a well-tolerated ingredient for most individuals.

Clinical Summary

USA Organic Tomatoes are considered safe for consumption and use in cosmetics. They are rich in vitamins and antioxidants, notably lycopene, which is beneficial for skin health. There are no known health risks associated with their use in cosmetics, provided they are handled and formulated properly.